Monday, December 17, 2018

TCU 2018 Cheez-It Bowl Opponent Overview: University of California



The University of California: The University of California, Berkeley is a public research university that is located in the city of Berkeley. It was founded in 1868 and serves as the flagship institution of the 10 research universities affiliated with the University of California system. Fall 2018 enrollment was 41,910 (30,574 undergraduate and 11,336 graduate students).

The original name, University of California, was frequently shortened to California or Cal. UC Berkeley's athletic teams date to this time and so are referred to as the California Golden Bears, Cal Bears, or just Cal. Today, the term "University of California" refers to the statewide school system of which UC Berkeley is a part. The university discourages referring to the University of California, Berkeley as UCB, University of California at Berkeley, Cal Berkeley, U.C. Berkeley, and UC-Berkeley. Berkeley is unaffiliated with the Berklee College of Music or Berkeley College.

To the west of the central campus is the downtown business district of Berkeley; to the northwest is the neighborhood of North Berkeley, including the so-called Gourmet Ghetto, a commercial district known for high quality dining due to the presence of such world-renowned restaurants as Chez Panisse. Immediately to the north is a quiet residential neighborhood known as Northside with a large graduate student population; situated north of that are the upscale residential neighborhoods of the Berkeley Hills. Immediately southeast of campus lies fraternity row, and beyond that the Clark Kerr Campus and an upscale residential area named Claremont. The area south of the university includes student housing and Telegraph Avenue, one of Berkeley's main shopping districts with stores, street vendors and restaurants catering to college students and tourists. In addition, the University also owns land to the northwest of the main campus, a 90-acre (36 ha) married student housing complex in the nearby town of Albany ("Albany Village" and the "Gill Tract"), and a field research station several miles to the north in Richmond, California.

The campus is home to several museums including the University of California Museum of Paleontology, the UC Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, and the Lawrence Hall of Science. The Museum of Paleontology, found in the lobby of the Valley Life Sciences Building, showcases a variety of dinosaur fossils including a complete cast of a Tyrannosaurus Rex.

Originally, military training was compulsory for male undergraduates and Berkeley housed an armory for that purpose. In 1917, Berkeley's ROTC program was established and its School of Military Aeronautics trained future pilots, including Jimmy Doolittle, who graduated with a B.A. in 1922. Both Robert McNamara and Frederick C. Weyand graduated from Berkeley's ROTC program, earning B.A. degrees in 1937 and 1938, respectively. In 1926, future fleet admiral Chester W. Nimitz established the first Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps unit at Berkeley. During World War II, the military increased its presence on campus to recruit more officers, and by 1944, more than 1,000 Berkeley students were enrolled in the V-12 Navy College Training Program and naval training school for diesel engineering. The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962.

Various human and animal rights groups have conflicted with Berkeley. Native Americans conflicted with the school over repatriation of remains from the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology. Animal-rights activists have threatened faculty members using animals for research. The school's response to tree sitters protesting construction caused controversy in the local community.

On May 1, 2014, Berkeley was named one of fifty-five higher education institutions under investigation by the Office of Civil Rights "for possible violations of federal law over the handling of sexual violence and harassment complaints" by the White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault. Investigations have continued into 2016, with hundreds of pages of records released in April 2016, showing a pattern of documented sexual harassment and firings of non-tenured staff.

Berkeley often is ranked as a top-ten university in the world and the top public university in the United Statess, as well as the top public university producing Nobel laureates and billionaires. For 2017–18, the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) ranked Berkeley fifth in the world. Berkeley also ranks 6th internationally in the CWUR World University Rankings. It is additionally ranked 4th in the world by U.S. News & World Report. Berkeley is ranked 15th internationally in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, and as the 6th most reputed university in the world by the Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings.

As of October 2018, Berkeley alumni, faculty members and researchers include 107 Nobel laureates, 25 Turing Awards winners, and 14 Fields Medalists. They have also won 9 Wolf Prizes, 45 MacArthur Fellowships, 20 Academy Awards, 14 Pulitzer Prizes and 207 Olympic medals (117 gold, 51 silver and 39 bronze). In 1930, Ernest Lawrence invented the cyclotron at Berkeley, based on which UC Berkeley researchers along with Berkeley Lab have discovered or co-discovered 16 chemical elements of the periodic table – more than any other university in the world.[18][19][20] During the 1940s, Berkeley physicist J. R. Oppenheimer, the "Father of the Atomic Bomb", led the Manhattan project to create the first atomic bomb. In the 1960s, Berkeley was particularly noted for the Free Speech Movement as well as the Anti-Vietnam War Movement led by its students. In the 21st century, Berkeley has become one of the leading universities in producing entrepreneurs and its alumni have founded a large number of companies worldwide.

Steve Wozniak
Notable University of California Alumni: As of 2018, 34 alumni and 40 past and present full-time faculty are counted among the 107 Nobel laureates associated with the university. The Turing Award, the "Nobel Prize of computer science", has been awarded to 11 alumni and 12 past and present full-time faculty, with Dana Scott being an alumnus and a faculty member. UC Berkeley alumni and faculty have founded a large number of companies, some of which are: AIG, 1919, founder Cornelius Vander Starr (attended); Apple, 1976, co-founder Steve Wozniak (BS); eBay, 1995, founder Pierre Omidyar (attended); Gap Inc., 1969, co-founder Donald Fisher (BS); Intel, 1968, co-founders Gordon Moore (BS) and Andy Grove (PhD); Mozilla Corporation, 2005, co-founder Mitchell Baker (BA, JD); Myspace, 2003, co-founder Tom Anderson (BA); Rotten Tomatoes, 1998, founders Senh Duong (BA), Patrick Y. Lee (BA) and Stephen Wang (BA); SanDisk, 1988, co-founder Sanjay Mehrotra (BS, MS); Sun Microsystems, 1982, co-founder Bill Joy (MS); Tesla, 2003, co-founder Marc Tarpenning (BS); and  VMware, 1998, co-founders Diane Greene (MS) and Mendel Rosenblum (PhD).

Earl Warren
Other noted alumni include: Earl Warren, BA 1912, JD 1914, 14th Chief Justice of the United States; former Alameda County District Attorney; California Attorney General; 30th Governor of California; Steven Chu, PhD 1976, Nobel laureate and former United States Secretary of Energy; Jennifer Granholm, BA 1984, First female Governor of Michigan; Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, BA 1950,  4th President of Pakistan, 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan; Robert Reich, Professor of Public Policy, 22nd United States Secretary of Labor; Eric Schmidt, MS 1979, PhD 1982, Executive Chairman of Alphabet; Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr, BA 1961, Governor of California, former California Attorney General; Gregory Peck, BA 1939, Academy Award-winning actor; Natalie Coughlin, BA 2005, multiple gold medal-winning Olympic swimmer; Robert McNamara, BA 1937, President of World Bank (1968–81), United States Secretary of Defense (1961–68), President of Ford Motor Company (1960); United States Attorney General Edwin Meese III, JD; United States Secretary of State Dean Rusk, LL.B.; United States Secretary of Transportation and United States Secretary of Commerce Norman Mineta, BS; astronauts James van Hoften, BS 1966, Margaret Rhea Seddon, BA 1970, Leroy Chiao, BS 1983, and Rex Walheim, BS 1984; Unix was created by Ken Thompson, BS 1965, MS 1966, along with colleague Dennis Ritchie; Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist Marguerite Higgins, BA 1941, was a pioneering female war correspondent who covered World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam Warr; Novelist Robert Penn Warren, MA 1927, won three Pulitzer Prizes, including one for his novel All the King's Men; author Jacklond, BA 1923, author of The Call of the Wild; Terry McMillan, BA 1986, who wrote How Stella Got Her Groove back; Chris Innis, BA 1991, who won the 2010 Oscar for film editing for her work on best picture winner, The Hurt Locker. Edith Head, BA 1918, who was nominated for 34 Oscars during her career, won eight Oscars for costume design; Grateful Dead bass guitarist Phil Lesh; The Police drummer Stewart Copeland; Rolling Stone Magazine founder Jann Wenner; The Bangles lead singer Susanna Hoffs, BA 1980; Counting Crows lead singer Adam Duritz; tennis athlete Helen Wills Moody, BA 1925, won 31 Grand Slam titles, including eight singles titles at Wimbledon; Tarik Glenn, BA 1999, is a Super Bowl XLI champion; Michele Tafoya, BA 1988, is a sports television reporter for ABC Sports and ESPN; sports agent Leigh Steinberg, BA 1970, JD 1973; Matt Biondi, BA 1988, won eight Olympic gold medals during his swimming career; and billionaires, with some of the more prominent being J. Paul Getty, Sanford Diller and Helen Diller, Donald Fisher, and members of the Haas (Walter A. Haas, Rhoda Haas Goldman, Walter A. Haas Jr., Peter E. Haas, Bob Haas), Hearst, and Bechtel families; at least 18 living alumni billionaires: Masayoshi Son (SoftBank),[323] Gordon Moore (Intel founder), James Harris Simons, Jon Stryker (Stryker Medical Equipment), Bill Joy (computer programmer and Sun Microsystems founder), Eric Schmidt (Google Chairman), Michael Milken, Bassam Alghanim (wealthiest Kuwaiti), Kutayba Alghanim, Charles Simonyi (Microsoft), Cher Wang (HTC, wealthiest Taiwanese), Robert Haas (Levi Strauss & Co.), Carlos Rodriguez-Pastor (Interbank, Peru), Fayez Sarofim, Daniel S. Loeb, Paul Merage, Victor Koo, and Lowell Milken.

University of California Traditions: Here are some traditions observed by University of California students, alumni and fans:

Colors: Blue and gold. The first school colors, established in 1873 by a committee of students, were blue (specifically Yale Blue) and gold. Yale Blue was originally chosen because many of the university's founders were Yale University graduates (for example Henry Durant, the first university president). Blue and gold were specified and made the official colors of the university and the state colors of California in 1955. However, the athletic department has recently specified a darker blue, close to but not the same as the Berkeley Blue now used by the school.

Nickname: Golden Bears, or just Bears. In 1895 a 12-man track team became the first Cal team to compete outside the state. They carried banners with the state’s emblem, a grizzly bear, in gold. The athletes won several meets, and the Golden Bear became the mythical guardian of the university.

Oski
Mascot: The official university mascot is Oski the Bear, who debuted in 1941. Previously, live bear cubs were used as mascots at Memorial Stadium until it was decided in 1940 that a costumed mascot would be better. Oski is named after the Oski-wow-wow yell, that began, "Oski wow wow! Whiskey wee wee!" Oski is cared for by the Oski Committee, whose members have exclusive knowledge of the identity of the costume-wearer.

Marching Band: The University of California Marching Band has served the university since 1891. The band performs at every home football game and at select road games. A smaller subset of the Cal Band, the Straw Hat Band, performs at basketball games, volleyball games, and other campus and community events.

Songs: here 

University of California Marching Band
Fight for California: Of all Cal songs, “Fight for California” has the distinction of being played in arguably the most unique venue: outer space. In 1987, NASA launched a shuttle mission to rescue and repair a communications satellite known as SolarMax. Several members of the shuttle crew were graduates from Berkeley, and one morning during the mission, mission control woke the crew to the blaring strains of “Fight for California.” “Fight for California” is played whenever a Cal athletic team enters the field of play, after every Cal scoring play in football, and whenever the Straw Hat Band marches into a performance. “Fight for California” traditionally is the fourth song of the Cal Band’s pregame, to which the Band marches from a block formation into the Script Cal.

Alma Mater: The University of California had no Alma Mater until “All Hail Blue and Gold” was written by Harold W. Bingham in 1905. Bingham is one of the most prolific composers of Cal songs, also penning “The Blue and Gold,” “California March,” “A Toast to California,” “Hurrah for California,” and “California Indian Song.” “All Hail Blue and Gold” was popularized by the Budweiser Quartet and the California Glee Club (both of which Bingham was a member), achieving the status of unofficial California Hymn. “All Hail Blue and Gold” is played by the Band at the end of all University events and athletic contests.

All Hail Blue and Gold: Listen here

All Hail Blue and Gold,
Thy colors unfold
O’er loyal Californians,
Whose hearts are strong and bold.
All Hail Blue and Gold,
Thy strength ne’er shall fail;
For thee we’ll die,
All Hail! All Hail!

All Hail Blue and Gold,
To thee we shall cling;
O’er golden fields of poppies,
Thy praises we shall sing.
All Hail Blue and Gold,
On Breezes ye sail;
Thy sight we love!
All Hail! All Hail!

Hail to California: “Hail to California” was written by Clinton “Brick” Morse while improvising at the piano in 1907. He was asked by University President Benjamin Ide Wheeler and Professor Gayley to write songs for the rooting section, and “Hail to California” was one of many he composed. Morse’s sentiment was that “Sons of California” and “Hail to California” would be “nothing unless sung in harmony.” The fraternities began to sing “Hail to California” (though not in harmony), and its popularity subsequently spread. In fact, “Hail to California” has often threatened to supplant “All Hail Blue and Gold” as the official Alma Mater of Berkeley. Indeed, “Hail to California” is used as the Alma Mater of UC Davis, UCLA, and of the UC system as a whole. The Cal Band traditionally sings “Hail to California” in harmony after playing the “Star Spangled Banner” at every home men’s basketball game.

Hail to California,
Alma Mater dear;
Sing the joyful chorus,
Sound it far and near.
Rallying round her banner,
We will never fail;
California, Alma Mater,
Hail! Hail! Hail!

Hail to California,
Queen in whom we’re blest;
Spreading light and goodness
Over all the West.
Fighting ‘neath her standard,
We shall sure prevail;
California, Alma Mater,
Hail! Hail! Hail!

UC Rally Committee Members
The UC Rally Committee: Formed in 1901, The UC Rally Committee is the official guardian of California's Spirit and Traditions. Wearing their traditional blue and gold rugbies, Rally Committee members can be seen at all major sporting and spirit events. Committee members are charged with the maintenance of the five Cal flags, the large California banner overhanging the Memorial Stadium Student Section and Haas Pavilion, the California Victory Cannon, Card Stunts and The Big "C" among other duties. The Rally Committee is also responsible for safekeeping of the Stanford Axe when it is in Cal's possession. The Chairman of the Rally Committee holds the title "Custodian of the Axe" while it is in the Committee's care.

The Stanford Axe
The Stanford Axe: First appeared at a California-Stanford baseball game on April 15, 1899. The axe was brandished in the Stanford rooting section and captured by Cal fans at the game's end. In the 1930s it was made into the trophy for the annual Big Game.  Cal's big rival is Stanford. Its other main rival is UCLA.

The Cal Mic Men:
Originally a standard at home football games, Cal Mic Men has expanded to involve basketball and volleyball. The traditional role comes from students holding megaphones and yelling, but now includes microphones, a dedicated platform during games, and the direction of the entire student section. Both men and women are allowed to fulfill the role, despite the name.

The Big "C": Overlooking the main Berkeley campus from the foothills in the east, The Big "C" is an important symbol of California school spirit. The Big "C" has its roots in an early 20th-century campus event called "Rush," which pitted the freshman and sophomore classes against each other in a race up Charter Hill that often developed into a wrestling match. It was eventually decided to discontinue Rush and, in 1905, the freshman and sophomore classes banded together in a show of unity to build "the Big C". Owing to its prominent position, the Big "C" is often the target of pranks by rival Stanford University students who paint the Big "C" red and also fraternities and sororities who paint it their organization's colors. One of the Rally Committee's functions is to repaint the Big "C" to its traditional color of King Alfred Yellow. 

The California Victory Cannon: Placed on Tightwad Hill, overlooking the stadium,  the California Victory Cannon is fired before every football home game, after every score, and after every Cal victory. First used in the 1963 Big Game, it was originally placed on the sidelines before moving to Tightwad Hill in 1971. The only time the cannon ran out of ammunition was during a game against Pacific in 1991, when Cal scored 12 touchdowns.

Founders Rock: Trustees of the College of California stood on the north side of the campus near the corner of Hearst Avenue and Gayley Road on April 16, 1860, and dedicated the property as the future campus. A memorial tablet was placed on the stone in 1896.

RRR week: In 1961, students requested that the week before final exams become “Dead Week,” which now is Reading, Review and Recitation week. Quizzes, projects and activities are not scheduled, to allow time to study and prepare for exams.

Big Game Rally: Cal's big rival is Stanford. Before 1916, the rally was the one time that the Stanford Axe would be removed from its vault. The "Axe" rally is now held only when Berkeley, not Stanford, is in possession of the Axe; otherwise it's called the Big Game rally.


Wheeler Oak: This tree, in front of the Wheeler Hall steps, was a favorite meeting place for students between 1917 and 1934, when the oak had to be removed because of its age. The tree was so missed that another oak, and a bronze plaque, was planted in its place. 

4.0 ball: The stone ball in front of the Campanile is more than a century old, but this tradition is much newer. Just a few years ago, students began referring to the sphere as the "4.0 ball." Rubbing it before taking an exam is considered good luck.

Ludwig's Fountain
Ludwig's Fountain: Soon after the Student Union complex opened in 1960, the nearby fountain became the favorite spot of a German short-haired pointer named Ludwig. Ludwig spent every day in the fountain, and in 1961 it was named in his honor.

Sophomore Lawn: Sophomore Lawn is the grass between California Hall and the Valley Life Sciences Building. Sophomore men would gather on the lawn to haze freshmen, who retaliated by burning their class numerals in the lawn at night. These days it’s a nice napping place.

Card Stunts: Cal students invented the college football tradition of card stunts. Then known as Bleacher Stunts, they were first performed during the 1910 Big Game and consisted of two stunts: a picture of the Stanford Axe and a large blue "C" on a white background. The tradition continues today in the Cal student section and incorporates complicated motions, for example tracing the Cal script logo on a blue background with an imaginary yellow pen.
 
Daffodil festival: Each spring, Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity sponsors the week-long Daffodil Festival, selling the yellow flowers on campus for charity since 1946. In the past a Daffodil Queen was crowned at week's end.

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